On 13 January of 1752 in Rome, was born a girl by the name of Italian Eleonora Anna Maria Felice. The baby, born from a noble Portuguese family, the family Chaves da Fonseca Pimentel, was destined to play a political role, not just more relevant to the short history of the Neapolitan Republic.
She, who had to go through the bloody experience of "martyrdom", a martyrdom which was not spared the humiliation inflicted by the public scorn of those who, besides having held guilty of a "patriotic" subversion, the judge with "merciless verdict of" guilty, her woman, created, published and defended the action of political ideas and more revolutionary, he was also a poet and one of the first women journalists' s Europe, in fact he founded and edited the magazine "Monitore Napoletano" for the dissemination of republican ideas.
Not long ago (1986) the writer Enzo Striano, in a historical novel, titled "The Remains of Nothing" tells the life of revolutionary.
The author will describe the most important stages in the life of Eleanor, the first stop is Rome, where he was born and where, attentive and curious little girl, fascinated by her beauty, explores the Italian city in which, exiled from Portugal, he moved with his family. The second stop is Naples, where he already bears a teenager, the family had left Rome following the severance of diplomatic relations between the Portuguese State and the Papal States, and where he feels that he remained until his death.
"I breathed wise understanding, polite indifference, even better ultimate meaning of life, in balance between pity and disillusionment." says.
E 'this is the moment when Eleanor began to lay the foundations of its Route of letters, to establish cultural relations, in a reciprocal exchange with the greatest minds of the time, to take his career as a poet.
As always happens in the lives of great souls, intellect was very easy because early learning and supported by a real interest Eleonora soon learned to use spoken and written of the classical languages, Latin and greek, and modern , the most refined techniques of making verses, was admitted to the Academy of Arcadia, was noticed by Metastasio .... was in correspondence with famous writers .... turned to the study of History, Law, Economics ... wrote on financial topics, translated from the Latin legal texts ...
was wife and mother. But both experiences gave her great pain: her son died young, her husband, Journal of the Napoleonic army, beat her to the point that gave her a second interruption of pregnancy had to sell.
was a close friend of Queen Maria Carolina of Habsburg-Lorraine: she shared with the Enlightenment salons frequented by the Neapolitans, but the revolution precipitated everything, not longing for monarchy nor perfect progettti Enlightenment reform but dangerous enemies, Jacobins outlaw to be put in prison. Eleanor was put in prison. Was liberated by the beggars.
It opened a short but intense new phase in his life: deletion of the noble title of his name, the young patriot un'artefice and was an active supporter of the Republic Partenopea.
Scrisse un inno alla Libertà e articoli su articoli, tutti dai decisi toni democratici e repubblicani, che escludendo ogni ipotesi di mediazione, le procuravano l'odio e il desiderio di vendetta delle classi nobiliari, cui apparteneva per nascita, senza riuscire però a conquistare un reale appoggio delle classi popolari, nonostante i suoi tentativi di coinvolgerle.
Quando, la seconda coalizione antifrancese, preoccupata di fronte al moltiplicarsi delle repubbliche democratiche, per bloccare l'avanzata francese e con essa la diffusione delle idee rivoluzionarie, inviò un corpo di spedizione austro-russo in Italia, riuscendo a cacciare i Francesi e a far cadere tutte, ad eccezione di Genova, Republics Sisters, reopening the doors to the kings banished, these, taken the government, began a ferocious repression.
repression against those who participated and supported the Neapolitan Republic, the Kingdom of Naples, was particularly grim: 120 people were executed, including figures of men and women of high level, such as Admiral Francesco Caracciolo, Domenico doctor Cirillo, Mario Pagano, the lawyer, the historian Francesco Conforti, poet and journalist Eleonora de Fonseca Piementel.
After having suffered imprisonment (she had been arrested while trying to flee disguised as a French officer) and isolation, even though processed rush defense of talented lawyers, went to the gallows, August 20, 1799.
Pietro Colletta in his History of the Kingdom of Naples writes: "They died of the best known of the kingdom ..... alongside whom we saw very clear to men and women than letters or science, the .... Pimentel."
It is said that before dying he uttered the famous line of Virgil: Forsan et haec olim meminisse juvabit "(Maybe one day will benefit you remember all this).
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